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wind |
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solar |
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hydro |
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biomass |
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waste |
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cogeneration |
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fossil/nuclear |
| Energy sources World wide, fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas are by far the most important energy sources to produce electricity. The supplies of this feedstock are limited and the production process causes environmental damage. The main problem is the greenhouse effect, caused by the emission of carbon dioxide, CO2, which is emitted during the combustion of the fossil fuels. Also nuclear energy makes use of the limited supply of uranium and causes environmental problems. Renewable energy sources use the cycles of nature. Hydropower, solar and wind energy don't cause direct carbon dioxide emissions. The emission of carbon dioxide with the energy production from biomass (energy from organic material) is compensated by the uptake of CO2 by plants in equal amounts as emitted. Also terrestrial heat and tidal energy can be used for the electricity production. Electricity generation from cogeneration and waste combustion plants can bring important environmental benefits compared to conventional power production. When these processes use fossil fuels, we speak of energy saving. When biomass is used, we speak of renewable energy sources. Wind energy One 600 kilowatt wind turbine can supply hundreds of households with electricity. Worldwide production of electricity from wind increases by 20 to 30% each year. 
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Solar power Solar cells produce electricity directly from sunlight, whether or not connected to the power grid.
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Hydropower Large-scale hydropower uses a storage reservoir, but small-scale hydropower with run-of-river plants is also possible.
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Biomass Wood and straw can be used as fuels for electricity production. The CO2 (carbon dioxide) produced is taken up by the next generation of trees and plants.
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Cogeneration (CHP) Combined production of heat and power reduces energy consumption by 20 to 30% compared to separate production.
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Waste combustion Combustion of waste and generating electricity from the heat produced can save on the consumption of primary fossil fuels.
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Conventional electricity Most electricity is still generated from fossil fuels or nuclear energy. Both are harmful to the environment.
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